Sustainable Fertilization Practices: Optimizing NPK Efficiency with Egg Shells and Organic Fertilizer for Rice Plant Growth and Yield
Author (s) : Pemmy Tumewu; Antje Grace Tulungen; Tilda Titah; Stella M. T. Tulung; Andri Amaliel Managanta; Jelie V. Porong
Institution : Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia Faculty of Agriculture, Sintuwu Maroso University, Indonesia
Category : Article, IJMMU
Topics : Egg Shell; Kirinyuh; Rice; Tithonia
Abstract : The demand for rice continues to increase along with population growth. To address this challenge, the Indonesian government under the leadership of the President of the Republic of Indonesia Prabowo Subianto focuses on increasing rice production to achieve food security and restore food self-sufficiency. However, various obstacles are still faced in rice cultivation, one of which is the problem of soil fertility. The use of organic fertilizers derived from egg shells waste, Kirinyuh, and Tithonia has a crucial role in the agricultural system because of its ability to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. This study aims to study the interaction between organic fertilizers of egg shells + Kirinyuh + Tithonia and NPK fertilizers on rice production and to obtain the magnitude of the efficiency of the use of NPK chemical fertilizers in increasing rice production. The study was conducted in Kakaskasen Dua Tomohon, North Sulawesi, Indonesia for 8 months from March to October 2024. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial pattern. The treatments consisted of, factor I (A) = dose of egg shells + organic fertilizer. A0 = without egg shells + organic fertilizer; A1 = 10 tons/ha of egg shells + organic fertilizer, A2 = 20 tons/ha of egg shells + organic fertilizer. Factor II (B) = NPK fertilizer dose B0 = 100 kg NPK / ha; NPK, B1 = 150 kg NPK / ha; B2 = 200 kg NPK / ha. Each treatment was repeated three times to obtain 27 experimental pots. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if there was a difference continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at a test level of 5%. The results showed that the effect of interaction between organic fertilizer egg shells + Kirinyuh + Tithonia and NPK fertilizer was not significant on rice production so the amount of efficiency of NPK chemical fertilizer use in increasing rice production has not been obtained. The provision of egg shells + organic fertilizer increased the number of tillers and the weight of dry harvested grain. The dose of 10 tons/ha of egg shells + organic fertilizer was the best for the number of tillers and the weight of dry harvested grain.
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